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Market scale growth: The inclusion of index funds is expected to attract more individual pensions to participate, thus increasing market scale and improving market liquidity.Market scale growth: The inclusion of index funds is expected to attract more individual pensions to participate, thus increasing market scale and improving market liquidity.Underdevelopment of the third pillar: Compared with developed countries, the scale of the second and third pillar pensions in China is relatively low, which needs to be promoted through policy guidance.

The pressure on basic old-age insurance is increasing: with the aging population, the growth rate of basic old-age insurance fund expenditure exceeds the growth rate of income, and it is estimated that the basic old-age pension gap will be close to 3 trillion yuan by 2030.2.5 Investor Education and Financial Literacy ImprovementIncorporating index funds into the personal pension investment catalogue will also help to strengthen the education and popularization of financial market knowledge and enhance the financial literacy and risk awareness of the whole society. According to market research, individual pension investors pay more attention to the long-term performance and risk control of products when choosing investment products, which will prompt investors to pay more attention to the long-term trend and investment knowledge of financial markets, thus improving the financial literacy of the whole society.

1.2 Impact of market expansionThe aging of the population is increasing: the proportion of people over 60 years old in China continues to increase, and it is expected to reach 29.9% by 2040, which poses great pressure on the existing old-age security system.2.2 diversification of investment style